Korea+Chapter+2

As usual post at least 3 **__important__** pieces of information and at least 1 image about each of the following:

1. Tan'gun 2. Choson (Old, Wiman) 3. Koguryo 4. Paekche 5. Kaya 6. Silla 7. Interaction with China and Japan

This is due Friday in class. It's a lot so don't waste time.

Derek Crowley Tan'gun 1. Between 2000 and 1000 B.C. people migrated from the north of China to Manchuria and the Korean penninsula and are identified as the Han, Ye, and Maek tribes. 2. The Korean creation myth of Tan'gun Choson reflects the period of the Han-Ye-Maek time period 3. First record of the Tan'gun is found in samguk yusa in the thirteenth century

Choson 1. Wiman was the leader of the last migration group 2. Second century B.C.counquered parts of native tribal chiefdoms 3. Was a security threat to China due to geographical vicinity

Koguryo



1. Portrayed as a state ruled by a king supported by a minister 2. Good diplomatic relationship with Han China 3. Founded in the first century B.C. by Chumong

Paekche 1. Founded in first century B.C. by Onjo 2. defeated Mahan 3. In the early third century B.C. Paekcha took over the lands of Daifang

Kaya 1. First century C.E. six Kaya annexed eachother 2. two kingdoms Koryong Kaya and Kumgwan Kaya 3. Immagrants from Kaya and Paekche formed the Wa states in the area later.

Silla 1. One of the major opposing forces oh the central penninsula 2. Koguryo had good diplomatic relations with Silla 3. Part of the Koguryo-Silla-Earlier Qin alliance

Interactions with China and Japan

1. Buddhist monk Sundo from ealier Qin introduced Buddhism to Koguryo in 372 2. Yamato Wa sent expeditions to Korea in 369 and counquered Mimana 3. Japanese military outpost lasted 562 when Silla annexed Koryong Kaya

Lauren Madden 1) Tan'gun 2) Choson Art artifact from Choson period of rulers 3) Koguryo
 * Tan'gun Wang' gom is known as the Priest King, a legendary figure
 * the first existent record of him is in the Samguk yusa (Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms)
 * the myth about him is used to promote patriotism ad to unify the country when times were tough, and to maintian his power
 * Tan'gun is the founder of this state, AKA the tribal federation
 * first appeared in the fourth century BCE
 * Asadal was the capitol of this state
 * Old: was at war with the Yan, and then moved northwest to the peninsula from the defeat in Liaodong
 * Wiman:originated from the migrated Han-Ye-Maek groups of North China into Korea
 * a Han-Ye-Maek kingdom
 * bordered the remaining Han prefecture in central Manchuria
 * ruled by kings and supported by ministers

**Koguryo Tombs**

4) Paekche: 5) Kaya: 6) Silla: >
 * It occupied the southwestern tip of the Korean peninsula
 * traditionally said to have been founded by a legendary leader named Onjo
 * the people built step pyramids and used the keyhold-shaped tombs called Kofun
 * [[image:http://www.guimet.fr/IMG/cache-gd2/0aab291028c9858a6a7bc45eff710efc.jpg]]artifact**
 * under the rule of King Kim Suro
 * confederation of 6 tribes
 * then separated into two kingdoms
 * founded by King Park Hyeokgeose
 * began as a cheifdom then it separated
 * eventually conquered the other two kingdoms, Paekche and the Koguryo

1. Tan'gun
 * Adam Grey**
 * Founder of the Gojoseon
 * Believed to have descended from heaven
 * Korean mythology says that he is the son of a demi-god and a bear-woman. weird stuff.

2. Choson (Old, Wiman)
 * Believed to be have been founded as early as 2333 B.C.
 * Only became a powerful coherent kingdom between the 7th and 4th centure B.C.
 * After the rebellion of Wiman, the Wiman Joseon gradually disintegrated with help from China

3. Koguryo
 * One of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, along with Baekje and Silla
 * It was the major power in Northeast Asia until it was defeated by the Silla-Tang alliance in 668 CE
 * The English word "Korea" is actually a derivation of the word Koguryo



4. Paekche
 * Also spelled Baekje. One of the Three Kingdoms
 * Claimed dominance over Korea, though Koguryo was clearly more powerful
 * When the capital was moved to Sabe, kind Seong built the state back up to power

5. Kaya
 * It was annexed by the Silla after evolving into a coherent confederacy
 * Korean legend has it that six kings were born out of six heaven-sent eggs, forming the polities of Kaya
 * Economy based on agriculture, fishing, casting and long-distance trade

6. Silla
 * One of the longest sustained dynasties in Asian history, around for 992 years
 * Conquered the other Korean Kingdoms in the 660s AD. It became Unified Silla, or, Later Silla
 * Fragmented to the Later Three Kingdoms after nearly 1000 years of rule

7. Interaction with China and Japan
 * Japan and Korea have had cultural interactions and political contact for almost a thousand years
 * Many of Korea's first inhabitants came from the north in Manchuria
 * Korea was more influenced by China than Japan

Tan'gun: From myth //Samguk yusa,// tiger pleading to Hwanung to become human
 * Sam Wickham**
 * believed to be first Shaman-King of the Choson chiefdom in the northwestern part of the Korean peninsula
 * first record of this priest-king can be found in the //Samguk yusa// written by Buddhist Korean Iryon
 * above myth helped Tan'gun justify his rulership over other Korean chiefdoms

Choson: Positioning of Wiman Choson in east Asia
 * established by Hwanung tribe, was first ancient state in region
 * Old Choson developed into archaic state due to migration from west bringing iron and bronze
 * taking control of Old Choson capital in 194 B.C., Wiman founded a new dynasty creatively named the Wiman Choson

Koguryo: Koguryo tomb drawing
 * unlike some other Han-Ye-Maek states, Koguryo was ruled by a king supported by ministers (contrast to loose confederation of tribal community)
 * kingdoms Koguryo, Paekche, Kaya and Silla were rival states
 * funded by prince Chumong and grew by conquering nearby chiefdoms like Ye and Okcho

Paekche: Paekche in central-western Korea
 * founded by Onjo, a leader of a tribe from the Han River area
 * In the early first century, defeated Mahan, one of strongest powers in Three Han region
 * seeked trade with the Wu of China after conquering most of central-western Korea peninsula

Kaya: Naktong River
 * lead by King Kim Suro
 * comprised of 6 Kaya tribal kingdoms in Naktong River area
 * annexed the kingdoms of Koryong in the Upper Naktong and Kumgwan in Lower

Silla: Silla soldier uniforms (center)
 * the first cjief, Pak Hyokkose, was found in an egg, according to legend
 * after some immigration from Old Choson, the Silla became confederation of kingdoms Pak, Sok, Kim
 * chiefs were elected by aristocratic counsel, which varied from other kingdoms

Interaction with Japan and China: Chinese and North Korean flags!!!!
 * disorder in east Asia subjects Han-Ye-Maek tribes to Chinese standardized law and Confucian education
 * with the trade of iron came Chinese writing system, key tool to help implement a Confucian education/begin to document history
 * Yayoi pottery and Korean pottery similar, Japanese language on northern Kyushu is comparable to Koguryo language

Tim Robinson

Tan'gun
 * The first records found documenting the Tan'gun were written by a buddhist monk suggesting that they could possibly be biased.
 * Korean's currently regard the mythical Tan'gun with pride and it acts as a major source of their identity.
 * The first record of Koreans identified as the Tan'gun



2. Choson (Old, Wiman)
 * Founded by the Hwanung tribe and considered to be the first ancient state of the region
 * As people migrated in from the west the Choson developed into an archaic kingdom
 * No evidence of a writing system

Ancient atlas said to be created by the Choson

3. Koguryo
 * Considered to be the Han-Ye-Maek kingdoms of ancient Korea
 * A kingdom set up with a king and a system of minister supporters
 * Rivaled often with Paekche, Kaya and Silla very often

4. Paekche Land of the Paekche
 * Established in the first century B.C.E. by Onjo who managed to overthrow Mahan; a dominant power in the Three Hans region.
 * Paekche was able to become a dominant enough power in Korea that it established trade with the Wu of China and the Japanese
 * Many Paekche people immigrated to Japan

5. Kaya Kayan art constructed with iron
 * Founded by the famous King Kin Suro
 * Divided into six different tribal chiefdoms along the Naktong River
 * The Kaya tribes eventually forced themselves into two groups instead of six: the Koryong and the Kumgwan

6. Silla
 * Like many of the first ancient leaders, the first king of the Silla, Pak Hyokkose, has a legend; it says he was found in an egg.
 * By 369 A.D. Silla was one of the major regions of the four that occupied Korea.
 * Had strong relations with the Koguryo

7. Interaction with China and Japan
 * The Paekche had strong relations with Japan and China throughout their later existence
 * First Korean ancestors were immigrants from northern China
 * Korea has had relations with China and Japan longer than any other relations existing today

Sebastian Bellisario

1. Tan'gun
 * Was the first agrarian culture in Korea, replacing the old hunter-gatherer tribes.
 * He is the son of a god who descended from the heavens
 * He is considered to be the first Korean



2. Choson
 * The first record of the Choson was a Chinese book, referring to the Choson as trading partners.
 * First major Korean civilization. Large and powerful enough to gain the attention of China, and to trade and fight with them.
 * Conquered the three Hans: Mahan, Chinhan, and Pyonhan. Began unification of Korea.

3. Koguryo
 * Conquered the last Han prefecture (Lelang) in the 4th century C.E.
 * Conquered many smaller tribes and chiefdoms, slowly consolidating power until growing into a strong militaristic kingdom.
 * Was rarely defeated, occurring only when a Wei expedition force attacked and captured their capital.



4. Paekche


 * Like the Koguryo, was founded by a leader from the Puyo(Onjo) In the first century B.C.E.
 * Used military power to gain territory, resources, and respect from surrounding nations.
 * Began trade with the both the Wu and the Japanese Archipelagos



5. Kaya
 * Unlike Paekche or Koguryo, Kaya was a collection of six tribal chieftom instead of one kingdom.
 * Combined their strength into two nations, the Koryong Kaya, and the Kumgwan Kaya. Did not use military conquest to accomplish this.
 * Their lands were iron rich, and the site of much iron ore production.



6. Silla
 * Another confederation of tribes consisting of the Pak, Sok, and Kim
 * Their first leader Pak Hyokkose was believed to have been found in a large egg.
 * They eventual gained a large amount of power after converting to a kingdom and after an expansion of their economy.



7. Interaction with Japan and China
 * China traded heavily with all the Korean nations in one regard or another allowing for alliances against one another.
 * Confucianism and Buddhism spread through China where they took root.
 * Without Chinese expansion, Korea may not have been populated by large civilizations until much later.